Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

What is a life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction known as?

1. Hives

2. Anaphylactic shock

3. Tonsillitis

4. Appendicitis

The correct answer is: Anaphylactic shock

A life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction is known as anaphylactic shock. This condition occurs when the immune system responds excessively to a substance, such as a food allergen, insect sting, or medication, resulting in a rapid release of histamines and other chemicals. The resulting symptoms can include difficulty breathing, a rapid drop in blood pressure, swelling of the throat, and hives, among others. These severe reactions can occur within minutes of exposure to the allergen and may lead to respiratory failure or shock if not treated promptly with interventions like epinephrine. Other conditions listed, such as hives, are allergic reactions that are not typically life-threatening. Tonsillitis and appendicitis involve inflammation and infection but are not hypersensitivity reactions, and they do not represent the acute and severe response seen in anaphylactic shock.