Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

What is the mature ovum in its sac called?

1. Granulosa cell

2. Oogonia

3. Graafian follicle

4. Interstitial cell

The correct answer is: Graafian follicle

The mature ovum in its sac is referred to as the Graafian follicle. This structure represents the final stage of follicular development in the ovary, where the oocyte (the immature egg) has reached maturity and is ready for ovulation. The Graafian follicle is characterized by its large size and the presence of a fluid-filled antrum that surrounds the mature ovum. During the menstrual cycle, the Graafian follicle is prepared for release during ovulation, which is crucial for reproduction. It also produces hormones like estrogen, which play a significant role in regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterine lining for a potential pregnancy. This makes the Graafian follicle a key component of female reproductive physiology. The other options refer to different entities involved in the development of oocytes or hormonal functions, but they do not specifically indicate the mature ovum itself within its supporting structures. Granulosa cells are the supportive cells found within the follicle, while oogonia are the early precursor cells that eventually develop into oocytes. Interstitial cells, or Leydig cells, are found in the testes and produce testosterone, which is unrelated to the ovum's development in the ovaries.